Come on… Let’s Go for ‘Umrah!

Outline

Introduction

Alhamdulillah; all praises are due to Allah. All thanks are for Allah. All good are in the Good Hands of Allah. All affairs shall be returned to Allah. We seek His forgiveness at all time, and to Him, alone, we repent. May His Peace and Blessings be upon our Master, Habibi Muhammad, his family members, his Sahabah, and all those who follow their guided path.

This article is a humble invitation for you, my dear readers, to join me for a theoretical ‘Umrah, followed by an imaginary (virtual) ‘Umrah, in the hope that, when Allah enables us and grants us the opportunity to go for ‘Umrah (soon.. Ameen!), we would know what to do, and we would not realize doing the wrong thing, after it is too late, or doing the right thing at the wrong place and time.

We'll also perform our ‘Umrah with different options in mind, insha Allah. After our ‘Umrah, we'll seize the opportunity and the honour to go and pay a visit to Habibi Rasulillah, s.a.w., his mosque, and his city; Madinah, insha Allah.

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What is ‘Umrah?

The term ‘Umrah (عُمْرَة), is an Arabic word, derived from I'timaar (اِعْتِمَار), which literally means a visit. Technically, ‘Umrah means paying a visit to the Ka'bah, to perform Tawaaf (circumambulation) around it for seven times; and to shuttle between ‘Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah’ known in Arabic as (Sa'y) for seven times. ‘Umrah is ended by putting off the Ihraam by having one’s hair shaved or cut (Tahallul).

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Types of ‘Umrah and Their Times

There are two types of Umrah, depending on whether one wishes to combine it (the ‘Umrah) with Hajj, or they want to perform it separately. The ‘Umrah, which is performed separately, is called ‘Al-Umrah Al-Mufradah’, and the one, which is combined with Hajj is called ‘Umratul-Tamattu’.

Al-‘Umrah al Mufradah; refers to the ‘Umrah that is performed separately from Hajj. This type of ‘Umrah can be performed at any time of the year.

‘Umratul-Tamattu’; refers to the ‘Umrah that is performed in conjunction with Hajj. More precisely, this ‘Umrah is performed first before the Hajj is performed. Clearly; this type of ‘Umrah can only be performed during Hajj season, and for once, each year.

By now, I can assume that you've guessed right; that our ‘Umrah in this article is going to focus on Al-‘Umrah Al-Mufradah.

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Virtues of ‘Umrah

In Islam, every ‘ibadah comes along with its virtues. This includes ‘Umrah. And Rasulullah s.a.w. has related various Hadeeths (Ahadeeth) about the great blessings and rewards of performing ‘Umrah throughout the life of a Muslim. Below are some of the most authentic, from his noble Sunnah:

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah r.a. reported a Hadeeth, which was agreed upon by Imam(s) Al-Bukhari and Muslim, that Rasulullah s.a.w. said:

العُمْرَةُ إِلَى العُمْرَةِ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا

It means, “(The performance of) `Umrah is an expiation for the sins committed between it and the previous `Umrah.”

The above Hadeeth, in addition to the fact that it outlines the importance of ‘Umrah in the Muslim’s life, it also encourages for regularity in performing it, when circumstances allow so.

The next virtue tells us that, performing ‘Umrah in Ramadhan comes with special rewards; Sayyiduna Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas r.a. also reported a Hadeeth, also agreed upon by Imam(s) Al-Bukhari and Muslim, that Rasulullah s.a.w. said:

عُمْرَةٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ تَعْدِلُ حِجَّةً أَوْ حِجَّةً مَعِي

It means, “(Performing) `Umrah during Ramadan is equal to (going for) Hajj.” Or said, “Equal to performing Hajj with me (Rasulullah).”

Also, it's understood from Rasulullah, s.a.w. that the du'a of the person who is in ‘Umrah, is likely to be answered. Ibn Umar r.a. narrated a Hadeeth, which was reported by Ibn Majah:

الغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَالحَاجُّ، وَالمُعْتَمِرُ وَفْدُ اللَّهِ، دَعَاهُمْ فَأَجَابُوهُ وَسَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ

It means, “The one in fight for Allah’s cause, the [one in] Hajj, and the one in ‘Umrah are delegates of Allah; He called them and they responded Him; and they will ask of His bestowals and He will grant it for them.”

Another absolutely breathtaking virtue of ‘Umrah is that, if one passes away in their journey to/from ‘Umrah, the reward for them is ‘handsomely’ Jannah! Sayyidatuna ‘Aisha r.a. related a Hadeeth that was reported by Al-Tabarani and Al-Baihaqi, that Rasulullah, s.a.w. said:

مَنْ خَرَجَ يَؤُمُّ هَذَا البَيْتَ مِنْ حَاجٍّ أَوْ مُعْتَمِرٍ، كَانَ مَضْمُوناً عَلَى اللهِ إِنْ قَبَضَهُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الجَنَّةَ، وَإِنْ رَدَّهُ؛ رَدَّهُ بِأَجْرٍ وَغَنِيمَةٍ

It means, “Whoever leaves his home only for the purpose of Hajj or ‘Umrah, and dies, it becomes guaranteed upon Allah to grant him the Paradise, if He takes away his soul. And if He returns him; He’ll return him with rewards and gains”.

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Making Special Du’a(s), Wish or Request During ‘Umrah

Each one of us has special needs. Needs that we believe very much, that only Allah can grant them. Is there any need that not only Allah grants them, by the way? However, there are special places, situations and times, in which our requests to Allah for the fulfillment of our needs are unconditionally granted or they become most likely to be answered and granted. One of these special situations is when one is in ‘Umrah.

Rasulullah, s.a.w. said that the du'a of the person who is in ‘Umrah, is likely to be answered. Ibn ‘Umar r.a. related in a Hadeeth, which was reported by Ibn Majah:

الغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالحَاجُّ وَالمُعْتَمِرُ وَفْدُ اللَّهِ، دَعَاهُمْ فَأَجَابُوهُ وَسَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ

It means, “The one in fight for Allah’s cause, the [one in] Hajj, and the one in ‘Umrah are delegates of Allah; He called them and they responded Him; and they will ask of His bestowals and He will give it to them.”

So, if you have special need(s), no matter how huge they may seem to you, don't hesitate to seize the opportunity of ‘Umrah to present them before Allah, s.w.t.

In fact, reality has proven that, many people who had special needs, which varied from sickness, poverty, inability to conceive, and etc., when they presented them before Allah during ‘Umrah, with an absolute humility and cries, what seem impossible became possible. What was hopeless became hopeful. And the non-realistic (dream) became real.

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Conditions (Shurout) of ‘Umrah

Condition(s) “Shart/Shurout” in the Islamic context is any requirement or number of requirements which one must fulfill in order to be liable to a certain obligations or ‘ibadah, although it is not be part of the ‘ibadah itself. Liability (for ‘Umrah) is for the first time ‘Umrah in one's life. And it becomes optional in any subsequent ‘Umrah.

So, for one to be entitled for ‘Umrah, they must fulfill the following requirements (all together combined):

1. Islam
2. Maturity
3. Freedom
4. Mental ability
5. Financial and physical ability
6. Mahram (for ladies)

Islam

One must be a Muslim before they are obliged to perform ‘Umrah (once in their lifetime). Hence, non-Muslims are not required to perform ‘Umrah.

Maturity

A person should reach puberty (‘Baligh’) before they are required for performing ‘Umrah. If a child performs ‘Umrah before reaching puberty, although they are rewarded for doing so, they still have to go for one, when they reach puberty (Baligh).

Freedom

One must be free from slavery or imprisonment to be entitled for performing ‘Umrah.

Mental ability

One has to be mentally well and fit in order to be obliged to performing ‘Umrah. Just like one is exempted from Solat if they are deemed mentally unable.

Financial and physical ability

They have to be financially able and physically fit, in order to be required to performing one time ‘Umrah in their lifetime. Hence, there's no need to borrow money or ask for charity in order to go for ‘Umrah [or Hajj].

However, if a poor person is sponsored to go for ‘Umrah and s/he fulfills all the other requirements (Shurout), they may go for it, and their ‘Umrah shall be accepted and rewarded, insha Allah.

Mahram (for ladies)

‘Umrah is an ‘ibadah, and we commit ourselves to the various ‘ibadah in total obedience and submission to Allah, and in the hope that Allah would entitle us for His Forgiveness. As much as we want to secure Allah's Pleasure, we refrain from anything that may invite His Anger. In other words, we don't have to take the risk and commit to prohibited acts just to be able to carry out a permissible ‘ibadah. If a woman is not able to go for ‘Umrah because she doesn't have Mahram, Allah knows her excuse and would grant her rewards for that, accordingly. If a woman who fulfills all the conditions (Shurout) for ‘Umrah except for the ‘the Mahram part', didn't go for ‘Umrah, Allah won't hold her responsibility of not going for ‘Umrah [or Hajj]. However, if she goes, despite not having Mahram to accompany her, she will be answerable for going without Mahram.

So, it's not wise to go for ‘Umrah against Allah's Will and Wisdom.

The bottom line:

All the the above requirements (conditions/Shurout) combined must be available (or fulfilled) before one becomes liable to performing a one-time ‘Umrah in their lifetime. Thus, once any of the above conditions is not met, one is exempted from performing the ‘ibadah of ‘Umrah. What are applicable here, are all applicable for Hajj, too. This means, if one needs to fulfill all of them before they are required for their first ‘Umrah, what more, for the one who has already gone for more than one ‘Umar?!

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Pillars (Arkan) of `Umrah

Pillar(s) (Rukn/Arkan) of anything, in the Islamic context, are its base, with which it becomes valid and acceptable. A pillah (Rukn) is part of the ‘ibadah, and any pillar (rukn) that is not observed may cause the ‘ibadah to be void, or not fully performed.

Observing the pillars of ‘Umrah are basically the ‘procedures’ and ‘formalities’. One may fulfill the condition (Shurout above), but once in Makkah, they still have to follow and observe all the ‘Arkan’ (procedures) here for their effort to be considered and accepted as ‘Umrah, insha Allah.

There are four pillars prescribed for ‘Umrah. They are:

1. Ihraam, which is assumed at the Meeqaat.
2. Tawaaf; which is circumambulation around Ka'bah.
3. Sa'y; which is shuttling or travelling between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah.
4. Tahallul; which symbolizes the end of ‘Umrah.

Now, let’s take a thorough look at each of the pillars:

Ihraam

Ihraam has two meanings (or indications), and they are both equally required for the fulfillment of Ihraam. They are:

• The dress-code of ‘Umrah [or Hajj].
• The intention (Niyyah) for ‘Umrah [or Hajj].

For the men among us, Ihraam is the garments, which consists of two pieces of white fabric. We’ll wrap the larger garment (called Izaar) around our waist to cover our body from the navel to the ankles. We can also secure our Izaar either with a belt or by a strip of fabric torn from Ihraam material. We will cover the other piece of garment (called Ridaa) over our back and shoulders, and wear a pair of stitched or unstitched sandals or shoes which do not cover our ankles. Our heads should not be covered. No underwear, no pants, no shirt, no turban, no hat, etc. are to be worn or used. Our Ihraam garments should preferably be white.

For the ladies among us, you are allowed to make Ihraam in any dress of your choice which fulfills the Islamic conditions of public dress, regardless of the colour. Your hands and face should be uncovered in Ihraam, so long as you are in the state of Ihraam. But please do cover your heads.

That's not to say that Ihraam as it applies to women presumes more freedom for them; rather, it's a reflection of the assumption that women, whether heading for the ‘Umrah or the corner market, or a short trip, are dressed more restrictively to begin with.

That was one part of Ihraam; the dress-code. The other part is the intention (Niyyah) for ‘Umrah, which is assumed at the Meeqaat and is endorsed by saying:

لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ عُمْرَةً

“Here I am O Allah (in response to Your call) for ‘Umrah.”

A person who is in the state of Ihraam is called “Muhrim/Muhrimah”, and once ‘Muhrim’ each one of us must observe the following obligations and prohibitions:

• Men must keep their heads uncovered at all times, while women should keep their heads covered, unlike their face and hands.
• We should not shave, cut our hair, clip our nails, use perfume, or wear sewn clothes of any kind (women can wear sewn clothes).
• None of us can perform marriage for others or get married ourselves.
• We are not allowed to kill animals of any kind for any reason, unless they possess a danger to us and/or to others.
• We are not allowed, also, to cut trees.
• No entry into conjugal relations with one’s spouse. We should also avoid suggestive and provocative talk or gestures and remain focused on the ‘Umrah, i.e., zikr, recitation of Al-Qur’an, du’a and etc.

Tawaaf

Tawaaf is one of the rituals required in (Hajj or) ‘Umrah. During the (Hajj and) ‘Umrah, we (Muslims) are to circumambulate the Ka'bah seven times, in a counterclockwise direction.

To prepare for the Tawaaf, we must ensure ablutions have been performed, and we must maintain it while in Tawaaf, or retake it and resume our Tawaaf, anytime it breaks. We should pass the upper garment of the Ihraam (the Ridaa) under the right arm and over the left shoulder, thus leaving the right shoulder bare. This procedure is called Al-Iddtibaa'. Clearly, it is done by men only.

We shall begin to count the rounds of our Tawaaf from Al-Ḥajar Al-Aswad (the Black Stone) on the corner of the Ka'bah. If possible, we are to kiss or touch it, but this is often not possible because of the large crowds, so it is acceptable for us to simply point or hold up our hand to the Hajar (Stone) on each circuit or round. We are also to make Takbeer (by saying Allahu Akbar) each time we approach it. This means, we can enter the Haram (of Makkah) from any convenient entrance, but we don't have to go straight forward to the Hajar (the Stone) and start our Tawaaf, unless we entered from the entrance nearest to it. Instead, we can start our Tawaaf from any point of entry and start our Tawaaf, and only when we reach the Hajar, we can start to count.

Now that we have reached Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (the Black Stone), we will perform what is called Al-Istilam, to mark the start of rounds of Tawaaf, insha Allah. Thus, anytime we reach or parallel to it, we do Istilaam again for a new round, until we finish the seven rounds or laps.

For men, it is recommended that we make the first three rounds of our Tawaaf at a hurried pace, followed by four times, more closely, at a leisurely pace.

While performing Tawaaf, there are no prescribed du'a but there are a number of supplications which are recommended. So, we may use the prayers that form part of our daily prayer sessions, we can pray to Allah in our own way, even in our own language. Click here for more du’as from the Qur’an and Sunnah.

During our Tawaaf, we'll notice a semi-circular section which originally formed part of the Ka'bah but was not incorporated into the Ka'bah when it was rebuilt. That is called Al-Hateem. We will include the Hateem in our Tawaaf, insha Allah.

Also during our Tawaaf, when we reach the fourth corner of the Ka'bah (Al-Rukn Al-Yamani), (the first corner is the Hajar), it's Sunnah to touch it with our right hands or both hands. As we walk between Al-Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (the Black Stone), we may recite (du'a):

رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

It means, “Our Lord, grant us good in this world as well as good in the world to come, and protect us from the torment of the Fire.”

Also during our Tawaaf, between Al-Hajar (the Stone) and the door of Ka'bah is a deeply holy place about two meters in length called Al-Multazam. It is very good to pray there, if possible. If we are able to reach this place, let's make it a point to pray to Allah for His Mercy and for His Beneficence. If we are (likely) prevented by the number of people from reaching the Multazam, then we can simply face towards the area and make our du'as accordingly.

On completion of our seven rounds of Tawaaf, men should cover their right shoulder, thus ending Al-Idhtibaa'.

At the end of the Tawaaf, we’ll go to the Maqaam Ibrahim to pray two Raka'ahs (Sunnah), after which we'll drink from the water of Zamzam, before proceeding to the next ritual of the ‘Umrah, which is the Sa'y.

Sa'y

Sa'y is the shuttling and travelling we do back and forth seven times, between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah for seven times. Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah are two small hills located in the Masjid Al-Haraam (in Makkah). The act of Sa'y is only done during Hajj and ‘Umrah.

Tahallul

After our Tawaaf and Sa'y, we will do what is known as Tahallul, which symbolizes the official ending of our ‘Umrah.

We do ‘Tahallul’ by cutting or shaving our hair. But shaving is better (for men) over cutting. Women should shorten their hair by a finger-tips length from the end, and they are done.

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When Can We Perform ‘Umrah?

Similar to Hajj, ‘Umrah is a one-time obligated ‘ibadah. But unlike Hajj, which is annually scheduled, ‘Umrah is not. ‘Umrah is timeless. Thus, one can go for ‘Umrah for the number of times they wish, at any time of the year (Al-‘Umrah Al-Mufradah). Whereby for Hajj, there's a timeline and time frame, in which Hajj is performed. ‘Umrah is also less tasking, compared to Hajj.

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Pre-Departure for ‘Umrah

After we have become financially able to travel to and from ‘Umrah, and are confident that, insha Allah, there will be enough provision for our families in our absence, and after we have fulfilled all the requirements (Shurout) of ‘Umrah, above, we are now set to go insha Allah. However, our ‘Umrah can be more rewarding and can carry everlasting tastes, insha Allah, if we are able to consider the following, before our departure, for ‘Umrah:

• Solat Al-Istikharah: The first and most important thing we can do in our preparation for ‘Umrah, is to perform ‘Solat Al-Istikharah’. Solat Al-Istikharah is the first thing we should do, after fulfilling the requirements (Shurout) of ‘Umrah. A successful Istikharah will help us in getting the best of everything from our ‘Umrah; starting from ticketing, safety of journey, good company during our ‘Umrah, all the way to the time we’ll be back home, insha Allah. In fact, Solat Al-Istikharah can also prevent us from coinciding with crisis during ‘Umrah.
• Settlement of debts: It’s also important that, we ensure we have cleared all debts that we owe others, before our departure. This is because, only Allah knows; whether we’ll be returning to our families, or we’ll continue from ‘Umrah to go to meet Allah. On the on hand, if we are indebted, then, by right, we don't qualify to go for ‘Umrah, let alone borrowing money to go for it.
• Sought of permission: It’s common, nowadays that employees will have to seek their employers' permission before they make any move. But, unfortunately, very little among Muslims today seek permission from our parents before we go for ‘Umrah, Hajj, or even before we travel anywhere else. It’s an ‘adab’ and absolutely respectful and wise, not only to inform our parents, even if we are grown-up and are married, with children, but to seek their permission, approval and blessings before we go for ‘Umrah, Hajj or travel. Married women are to seek their husband's permission; and unmarried women must seek their Waliyy's permission, before they go for ‘Umrah. This is provided there's other Mahram to be in their company, i.e., son (or grandson), brother (or brother by breastfeed), father, uncle, father in-law, or stepfather. In fact, the Mahram must be a Muslim, matured and mentally able and fit.
• Sought of forgiveness from others: It’s also important that we seek forgiveness from anyone, whom we might have offended. We may also seek du’a for safety from our loved ones.
• Get our Wasiyyah properly written: Wasiyyah means one’s will, for in case we are chosen to be by Allah’s Side, without warning. Our Wasiyyah should not only address who we want part (maximum of 1/3) of our wealth to be given to, but it should also address who owes us or whom we owe money. It should also indicate the existence of children and wives (if we have any), who may be unannounced or unknown to others. Our Wasiyyah should also include any information that may lead to our hidden wealth and properties. The presence of documents that anyone may bring forward in our absence to claim their rights may be authentic, but they may as well be fake. So, stating everything clearly in our Wasiyyah will make the burden of losing us easier on our families, to some extent.
• Choice of good company: It’s important to choose good and pious people for company in any journey one may go. At least, if we have nothing for them to benefit from, they may have a lot we can benefit from. Or, if they have nothing we can benefit from, they will not possess anything, which may be harmful to us. Obviously; selecting a good, trusted and reliable travel agent may lead to meeting good company in our journey, insha Allah.
• Reading books and articles regarding ‘Umrah will definitely create more awareness for us, with regards to this particular ‘ibadah. Thus, we won’t reach Makkah expecting luxury and entertainment or putting our focus on that. If we do a bit of reading, we would know that ‘Umrah is about ‘ibadah, more than it is about anything else.
• Doing charity: We may need to prepare to offer charity to others; before, after and during our ‘Umrah. This includes to those who will be in our company in our trip. So, it’ll be a good idea to bring along (or have access to) excess money, for ‘just in case’. Mostly, it’s unlikely that one will go to Makkah and don’t come across needy, or people who have lost their money or been cheated or misled.

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Steps of ‘Umrah

We have (literally) done with the necessary orientation. It's now time for the (virtual) practical. It's important that we always remember that practical is more challenging than receiving theory. And the better we comprehend the theory, the easier the practical can be.

To some, going for ‘Umrah is just another trip, but to the majority, going to ‘Umrah is a lifetime journey, and hence, must be treasured.

When going for ‘Umrah, some people prefer going to Madinah, before going for ‘Umrah. In this case, they either land in Madinah Airport, or land in Jeddah, and then make their way to Madinah. And after a day or two, they'll head to Makkah for ‘Umrah. But we will be going to Makkah directly from Jeddah.

Since we are going directly to Makkah first, when we leave home (our country), we'll land in Jeddah, after which we’ll go directly to Makkah (check in to a  hotel or residential place) and head for the Al-Masjid Al-Haram. In this case, we are going to be making our intension (Niyyah) for our ‘Umrah  at the first Meeqaat, which our plane will fly over or pass by. And when we arrive, we will go directly for our second pillar, which is Tawaaf, in Makkah. This means, we'll put on our Ihraam garment and (clothes for ladies) at home, before our departure.

The other option (which others may prefer) is that, we’ll arrive in Jeddah, go to Madinah (or any other city in Saudi Arabia), and spend some time there, and from there we head towards Makkah, and will stop over at the Meeqaat for Ihraam. And from there (Meeqaat), we’ll head to Makkah. However, we’ll still check in our luggage into a hotel or any other place of residence and from there, to the second pillar, which is going to Al-Masjid Al-Haram for Tawaaf.

Usually, most flights will alert their passengers, when they are approaching a Meeqaat.

Now, we are set to go…

From home

Before we leave home, which is our original country or from Madinah (or any other city in Saudi Arabia), for our ‘Umrah journey, we’ll take our spiritual bath (Ghusl / Ightisaal) and put on perfume on our beard and head (optionally). After we put on the perfume, we then put on our Ihraam garments. This means (to emphasize), the perfume is put on our head and beard, and not on our Ihraam garments.

Normally, when we are going out to travel, we’ll pray two Raka'ahs, immediately before leaving home, right? The same thing applies here. So, we perform (pray) our two Raka'ahs at home, before going out. The last thing to be done!

Then, we’ll recite the du’a of going out of home (the usual du’a of going out of home), which is:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ، تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَلاحَوْلَ وَلا قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ. اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَضِلَّ أَوْ أُضَلَّ أَوْ أَزِلَّ أَوْ أُزَلَّ، أَوْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظلَمَ، أَوْ أَجْهَلَ أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَيَّ

It means, “In the name of Allah, I place my trust in Allah, and there is no might nor power except with Allah. O Allah, I take refuge with You lest I should stray or be led astray, or slip or be tripped, or oppress or be oppressed, or behave foolishly or be treated foolishly”.

When we board our vehicle, it’s sunnah to recite the du’a of riding vehicles, which is:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ، سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ، وَإِنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ

It means, “In the name of Allah… Glorified is He, the One Who has placed this (transport) at our service, and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny.”

Next, once our vehicle (flight or car/bus) moves, we’ll recite the du’a of voyage, which is:

اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ.. اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ.. اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ. سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَـذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ. وَإِنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ. اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَـذَا الْبِرَّ وَالتَّقْوَى . وَمِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَى . اللَّهُمَّ هَوِّنْ عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَـذَا. وَاطْوِ عَنَّا بُعْدَهُ. اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الصَّاحِبُ فِي السَّفَرِ. وَالْخَلِيفَةُ فِي الأَهْلِ. اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السَّفَرِ وَكَآبَةِ الْمَنْظَرِ، وَسُوءِ الْمُنْقَلَبِ، فِي الْمَالِ وَالأَهْلِ

It means, “Allah is the Greatest… Allah is the Greatest… Allah is the Greatest. Glorified is He, the One Who has placed this (transport) at our service, and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny. O Allah, we ask You for birr and taqwaa, in this journey of ours, and we ask You for deeds which please You. O Allah, facilitate our journey and let us cover its distance quickly. O Allah, You are the Companion on the journey and The Successor over the family, O Allah I take refuge with You from the difficulties of travel, from having a change of hearts and being in a bad predicament, and I take refuge in You from an ill fated outcome with wealth and family.”

When we are on our way returning, we say the above, and add the following:

آيِبُونَ، تَائِبُونَ، عَابِدُونَ، لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُونَ

“We return… We repent… We worship… And we praise our Lord.”

At the Meeqaat

Assuming we’ve taken bath (Ghusl) already, we’ll stop at a mosque before the Meeqaat, to pray two Raka'ah of Sunnah. This is if we are coming from anywhere on the land, but not on flight. However, we can still pray our two Raka'ahs in the flight. We can also perform our Ghusl at the Meeqaat, if that's convenient.

After the two Raka'ahs, and before reaching the Meeqaat (including when in air), we face towards the Qiblah if possible, and say:

لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ عُمْرَةً

“Here I am O Allah (in response to Your call) for ‘Umrah.”

Once we reach the Meeqaat, all places within the Meeqaat is sanctuary (and holy) (حَرَم / Haram), and we are therefore required to repeatedly recite the following Talbiah, till we reach the Haram of Makkah (Ka'bah) and start our Tawaaf:

لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، إِنَّ الحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالمُلْك، لا شَرِيكَ لَكَ

It means, “Here I am O Allah (in response to Your call), here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am. Verily, all Praise and Grace and Sovereignty belong to You. You have no partner”.

Before entering Makkah

Upon reaching Makkah, before entering the town (city) of Makkah, we will recite the du’a we use to recite before entering any other city, town or village, which is:

اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمواتِ السَّبْعِ وَما أَظْلَلْنَ وَرَبَّ الْأَرَضينَ السَّبْعِ وَما أَقْلَلْنَ، وَرَبَّ الشَّياطِينِ وما أَضْلَلْنَ، وَربَّ الرّياحِ وَما ذَرَيْنَ، فَإِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ وَخَيْرَ أَهْلِها، وَنَعوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّها وَشَرِّ أَهْلِها وَشَرِّ مَا فِيهَا

It means, “O Allah, Lord of the seven heavens and all that they envelop, Lord of the seven earths and all that they carry, Lord of the devils and all whom they misguide, Lord of the winds and all whom they whisk away, I ask You for the goodness of this village, the good of its inhabitants and for all the goodness found within it. And I take refuge with You from the evil of this village, the evil of its inhabitants and from all the evil found within it.”

Now, at any time we check in to a hotel or residential place during the trip, we will recite the following:

أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللّهِ التَّامَّاتِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَق

It means, “I take refuge with Allah's Perfect Words from the evils that He has created.”

In the Haram (Makkah)

Although we are already in Makkah we are not yet in the Mosque. Upon arriving at the Masjid Al-Haraam, we'll stop reciting the Talbiah and enter with our right foot. Once we are there and want to enter in, we will recite the same du’a we use to, when entering any other mosque, which is:

أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ العَظِيمِ، وَبِوَجْهِهِ الكَرِيمِ، وَسُلْطَانِهِ القَدِيمِ، مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ. بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَالصَّلاةُ وَالسَّلامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ، اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ

It means, “I seek refuge in Allah, the Supreme; in His Noble Face; in His eternal authority, from the accursed devil. In the name of Allah. May His Peace and Blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah.  O Allah, open the doors of Your Mercy for me.”

When we set eye on the Ka'bah, we can optionally raise our hands and recite what Sayyiduna ‘Umar r.a. recited when he set eyes on the Ka'bah; which is:

اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلامُ وَمِنْكَ السَّلامُ، فَحَيِّنَا رَبَّنَا بِالسَّلامِ

“Oh Allah, You Are the Source of Peace, and Peace is from You, so please greet us with peace.”

Regardless of the entrance we entered through, we will start to Tawaaf in a counterclockwise direction. Once we reach the Hajar (the Stone) for the first time, we make what is called Istilaam, which is to, touch the Black Stone with our right hands and kiss it. If this isn't possible to touch and/or kiss it, we should face it (the Black Stone) and point to it. We don’t have to push and shove, causing harm and being harmed by other people. When touching it (the Stone), the following is said:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ

“In the name of Allah, Allah is the Greatest…”

Now, we’ll make Tawaaf of seven circles (rounds) around the Ka'bah, insha Allah. We start counting the rounds of our Tawaaf from Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (the Black stone), after we have done all the possible formalities, i.e., touching and/or kissing it, or point to it and saying the above du'a.

During our Tawaaf, we will walk, keeping the Ka'bah on our left. When we reach Al-Rukn Al-Yamani, we touch it with our right hands or both hands, if possible, but we do not have to kiss it,  or recite any specific du'a. If this is difficult for us, then we'll continue with performing our Tawaaf without touching it.

So, anytime we reach or are parallel to the Black Stone, we'll touch it with our right hands, kiss it and say, “Bismillaah Allahu Akbar“, as explained above.

We’ll hurry (a bit) in first three (3) rounds of our Tawaaf (applicable to men). And between the Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (starting from the former), we recite:

رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

It means, “Our Lord, grant us good in this world as well as good in the world to come, and protect us from the torment of the Fire.” [Quran; 2:201].

We repeat this in all rounds of Tawaaf. No need to raise hand, or signal during our du'a, unless otherwise stated or explained.

During our Tawaaf, it is preferred for men to do ‘Al-Idhtibaa' from the beginning of Tawaaf until the end, which is; placing the middle of one's Ridaa under the right arm and the ends of it over the left shoulder. When we are finished performing Tawaaf, we may return our Ridaa to its original state. So, the time for Al-Idhtibaa' is only during Tawaaf.

Also in our Tawaaf, the options of du'a are very flexible; so one can make supplication from their heart, for that which will benefit them. They can recite whatever they wish, supplicate to Allah by asking for good, recite the Qur'an, or anything they wish. With exception to what is recommended to say between the two corners (Al-Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad) during each round of Tawaaf.

Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (The Black Stone)

To emphasize; when we reach Al-Hajar Al-Aswad (the Black Stone), we have arrived at the starting point for the (Tawaaf), and we will cease reciting the Talbiyah.

As mentioned earlier on, we'll start counting the rounds of our Tawaaf from this point. And If possible, we are to kiss or touch it. In fact, it's mostly not convenient to reach it at one go, so let's make it a point and intention (Niyyah) that if we are meant to reach it, may Allah make it easy, and if not, we are contented. Therefore, we should not jump over others, who may be weak, women, children and the ‘sick', just because we want to kiss the Hajar. Kissing it is Sunnah, but observing our social morals (Akhlaq) especially in situations like this is more important and more rewarding.

Anytime we reach or are parallel to the Black Stone, we'll touch it with our right hands, kiss it and say:

“Bismillaah Allahu Akbar“

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ

“In the name of Allah, Allah is the Greatest…”

The act of; whether  kissing the Black Stone, touching it by hand or uttering du'a while pointing the palm of our hands towards it is called Al-Istilaam.

Maqaam Ibrahim

When we complete our seven rounds of Tawaaf, we'll approach Maqaam Ibrahim (Ibrahim’s station) and recite this verse:

وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَّقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلَّى

It means, “And take (you people) the Maqam (staion) of Ibrahim as a place of Prayer…” [Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:125].

As close as conveniently possible behind the Maqaam Ibrahim, we'll offer two short Raka'ahs. If it is not possible, then we can offer them anywhere in the Haram. It is preferred to recite during the first Raka'ah Surah Al-Kafiroun, and during the second Raka'ah Surah Al-lkhlaas.

Then, if it is possible, we will return to Al-Hajar Al-Aswad and touch it. But, again, this may not be easy.

The water of Zamzam

After we pray two Raka’ahs of Sunnah, we'll drink from the water of Zamzam facing the Qiblah after which we make du'a, before proceeding to the next ritual of the ‘Umrah, which is the Sa'y.

It's important that we notice, that drinking from the water of Zamzam in not part of the pillars (Arkan) of ‘Umrah. But the du'a during drinking Zamzam is mustajab.

Sa'y (shuttling between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah)

After seven successful rounds of Tawaaf around Ka'bah, we are done, with Tawaaf; Alhamdulillah. Next, we are going for ‘Sa'y’ (between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah). Upon approaching the foot of Al-Safaa, we’ll recite the Qur’anic verse, which Rasulullah recited when he reached this stage, after Tawaaf, which is:

إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِن شَعَائِرِ اللَّـهِ، فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَن يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا، وَمَن تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ اللَّـهَ شَاكِرٌ عَلِيمٌ

It means, “Verily, Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah are from the symbols of Allah. So it is not a sin on the one who performs Hajj or ‘Umrah of the house (ka ‘bah) to perform the going (Tawaaf) between them. And whoever does good voluntarily, then verily, Allah is the All-Recognizer, All-Knower.”[Surah Al-Baqarah; 2:158]

Then we'll climb unto mount Safaa until we are able to see the Ka'bah, if possible. While facing the Ka'bah, we’ll say as Rasulullah said:

اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ.. اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ.. اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ… لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الـمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الـحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ، أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ، وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ، وَهَزَمَ الأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ

It means: “Allah is the Greatest… Allah is the Greatest… Allah is the Greatest. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, Who has no partner. To Him belongs the dominion, to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over everything. He fulfilled His promise, gave victory to His servant, and defeated the confederates alone.”

That is to be said three (3) times. After each time, one is encouraged to make their own du’a, of their choice, in addition to the du’a (of Rasulullah, above).

Then we’ll descend and go towards Al-Marwah, running between the fluorescent green lights (for men only). Upon reaching Al-Marwah, we will climb upon it if possible, and repeat the same procedure as when ascending Al-Safaa except that we won't recite the above-mentioned verse, because it is recited when ascending Al-Safaa for the first time only. This completes one circuit. Then one continues back to Al-Safaa running between the fluorescent green lights (for men only) – thus completing two circuits.

There are no particular supplications to be recited between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah. So the seven circuits start from Al-Safaa and ends at Al-Marwah, with each run between the two mounts to be counted as one circuit.

Tahallul

After seven (7) successful circuits between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah, we are done with ‘Sa'y‘, and with that, three pillars of ‘Umrah are done with. Now, we are going for the final pillar, which is Tahallul. We do ‘Tahallul’ by cutting or shaving our hair. However, shaving is better (for men). Women should shorten their hair by a finger-tips length from the end.

With that, we have successfully done our ‘Umrah.. Alhamdulillah.

When going out of Haram (The Mosque), we’ll recite the same du’a we are used to reciting when going out of any mosque, which is:

أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ العَظِيمِ، وَبِوَجْهِهِ الكَرِيمِ، وَسُلْطَانِهِ القَدِيمِ، مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ. بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَالصَّلاةُ وَالسَّلامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ، اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ فَضْلِكَ

It means, “I seek refuge in Allah, the Supreme; in His Noble Face; in His eternal authority, from the accursed devil. In the name of Allah. May His Peace and Blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah.  O Allah, open the doors of Your Favour for me.”

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Performing Another ‘Umrah from Makkah

Again, to some, going for ‘Umrah is just another trip to ‘Umrah, but for the majority of us (I assume), ‘Umrah is a lifetime journey and has to be treasured. The reason is because the majority of us have to travel 10s of 1000s of kilometres to get to Makkah. So once we are there, we try to perform as many ‘Umrah as possible, while we are still in Saudi Arabia (or in Makkah).

For those who are in Makkah, they are in the boundary of the Sanctuary (Haram), and intention (Niyyah) for ‘Umrah must be made from what is known in Arabic as “Al-Hill (الحِلُّ), meaning non-sanctuary, which is anywhere outside Makkah. However, there are two famous Meeqaat(s) near Makkah; Al-Ja'raanah and Al–Tan'eem. Rasulullah s.a.w. himself made Ihraam from Ja'raanah, whereby he instructed Sayyidatana ‘Aishah (when she needed to go for ‘Umrah) to make her Ihraam from Al–Tan'eem. So, one can make their Ihraam either from Ja'raanah or from Al-Tan'eem. However, anywhere outside the boundaries of Makkah (in the Hill) is acceptable for Ihraam.

If you are going to do another ‘Umrah from within Makkah, that means you have experienced your first ‘Umrah already. The difference is that mostly for our first ‘Umrah we made our Niyyah (Ihraam) at the Meeqaat, entered Makkah and proceeded with the ‘Umrah rituals, whereby when doing it from within Makkah, we’ll have to go out of Makkah, to the nearest Meeqaat, (Ja'araanah or Tan'eem) or anywhere outside Makkah. Once we are at the Meeqaat (outside Makkah), we do all we did above from the moment we reached the Meeqaat, for the first time in this virtual ‘Umrah, above, until the time we did our Tahallul.

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The Farewell Tawaaf (Tawaaful-Wadaa’)

The farewell Tawaaf (or Tawaaful-Wadaa') is part of Hajj. However, scholars have differed in opinions whether the one who goes for ‘Umrah has to do it or not.

To play safe, I'll personally do it, before I leave Makkah for the last time, until, I'm given the opportunity to pay another visit.

However, if one opts not to, their ‘Umrah(s) is (or are all) valid, insha Allah, especially that Scholars had differed in opinions with regarding to this.

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To the City of Habibi Rasulillah; Madinah

Madinah.. Madinah.. Madinah… O Madinah… The City of Rasulillah.. The City which is unlike any other city on the planet. How can it be like any other city, whereby no any other city could accommodate Rasulallah? The mentioning of the name of Madinah gives special spirit and sense of belonging. Madinah… O Madinah..

Madinah, which lies 447 kilometers north of Makkah, is the city of the Rasulillah, s.a.w. This is the place in which Al-Qur'an was compiled and the Sahabah of Rasulillah s.a.w. administered the affairs of the Muslim Ummah.

No Muslim, unless as much as they look forward to go to Makkah, they look forward to going to Madinah. This is even truer in the case of those who come from outside Saudi Arabia.. and the farther one's location, the more the longing they have for Madinah, the City of Rasulillah. Madinah O Madinah…

“O Madiah of Rasulillah…

How much had I questioned…

Why were you not included in the Meeqaat(s) of Ihraam..?

But when I reached you…

I found you floating in the perfume of the Beloved; Rasulillah…

And perfume, is not to be worn on top of Ihraam…”

Dr. Abdul-Mu'ti Al-Daalaati – (Translated)

However, visiting Madinah, is not part of ‘Umrah, nor is it part of Hajj. In other words, if someone goes to ‘Umrah (or Hajj) and is not able to pay a visit (or they choose not to go) to Madinah, their ‘ibadah of ‘Umrah (and/or Hajj) is valid.

This being said, it’s also important for us to remember, that paying a visit to the mosque of Rasulillah, is greatly encouraged at any time of the year. The fact that it’s the mosque of Rasulillah, s.a.w. is one thing. The other thing is that, offering solat in this mosque is better than offering it in any other mosque, except for Al-Masjid Al-Haraam, in Makkah.

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah narrated a Hadeeth which was agreed upon by Imam(s) Al-Bukhari and Muslim, in which Rasulullah s.a.w says:

صَلاةٌ فِي مَسْجِدِي هَذَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ صَلاةٍ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ، إِلاَّ المَسْجِدَ الحَرَامِ

It means, “Solat (a prayer ) offered in this mosque of mine is better than a thousand solats (prayers) elsewhere, except in the Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid Al-Haraam).

We're going to Madinah. Let's imagine ourselves in 1433 years ago when Rasulullah would physically be present and would welcome and attend to anyone who comes to Madinah, out of love, or to ask and learn about Islam. How would we behave (still assuming we are in 1433 year ago) if we entered the mosque, even without Rasulullah around? Let's then, try to behave the same way in the mosque of Rasulillah… No noise…No raising of voice… No chanting… We don't hold on the metal fence of his grave either, and etc.

Our solawat (praises upon him) are endless when we are far, what more, now that we are near? So, I suggest that, we fill our time, on our way to Madinah with singing praises upon Rasulillah, salla Allahu ‘alaihi wasallam… salla Allahu ‘alaihi wasallam… salla Allahu ‘alaihi wasallam.

You can't help, but to show your extreme fondness and excitement when the city of Madinah becomes in sight. If we get that, let's express our excitement with ‘salawat' and then enter the City of Rasulillah in total humbleness.

In Madinah!

After putting our luggage at our hotel or place of residence, let's take a bath or perform ablution (wudhu), put on new and nice looking clothes, apply perfume, and proceed towards the Mosque of Rasulillah.

Likewise entering any other mosque, we'll enter the mosque of Rasulillah placing our right foot first in the entrance, and say:

أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ العَظِيمِ، وَبِوَجْهِهِ الكَرِيمِ، وَسُلْطَانِهِ القَدِيمِ، مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ. بِسْمِ اللهِ، وَالصَّلاةُ وَالسَّلامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ، اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ

It means, “I seek refuge in Allah, the Supreme; in His Noble Face; in His eternal authority, from the accursed devil. In the name of Allah. May His Peace and Blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah.  O Allah, open the doors of Your Mercy for me.”

Upon entering into the mosque, we will offer two Raka'ahs of Tahiyyatul-Masjid (greeting of the Masjid) anywhere in the mosque. If one is able to do this in the Raudhah, then this is more encouraged. However, this place is normally crowded with people at all times, especially in the Hajj season. Let's try our best to offer at least two Raka'ahs there, if circumstances permit. It will be wise to shorten our two Raka'ahs; to give chance to others too.

After our two Raka’ahs, we will visit the grave of Rasulillah s.a.w. and that of Sayyidina Abu Bakr r.a. and Sayyidina ‘Umar r.a. In front of the sacred tomb of Rasulillah, s.a.w., there are three sections of brass screens and all three have holes in them. If you stand in front of the middle section between the pillars, you'll see a big round hole on your left. This is in front of the face of Rasulillah, s.a.w. Adjacent to it is a door that stays closed. Right after it on the right side is a round hole which is in front of the face of Sayyidina Abu Bakr r.a. On the right of it, there is another round hole which is in front of the face of Sayyidina ‘Umar Ibn Al-Khattab r.a. Standing in front of it and facing it, say in a respectful and low voice:

السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيَّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ

“Peace be on you, O Rasulallah, and the Mercy and Blessings of Allah .”

Then move a little to the right and stand before the grave of Abu Bakr. Greet him and supplicate to Allah to bestow His mercy and forgiveness on him. Then move a little to the right and stand before the grave of Umar. Greet him and supplicate to Allah to bestow His mercy and forgiveness on him.

When we are going to leave Madinah, we will offer Salam again to Rasulillah s.a.w., and leave with the earnest desire to come back.

Historical Places of Madinah

The following are some of many historical places in Madinah which one would like to visit.

Al-Baqee'

The graveyard of Madinah, where a large number of the Sahabah, including Sayyidana ‘Uthman, Sayyidana Al-‘Abbas, Sayyidana Al-Hassan, and wives and daughters of Rasulillah are buried. This graveyard is close to the tomb of Rasulillah, s.a.w., right after the courtyard of Masjid Al-Nabawi.

Masjid Qubaa

This is the first mosque in the history of Islam whose foundation stone was laid down by Rasulillah s.a.w. himself, on his migration to Madinah. To offer two Raka'ahs of Sunnah in it is equal to one Umrah. After visiting the Mosque of Rasulillah and his tomb every pilgrim should try our best to visit it and pray in this mosque as well. A visit to Masjid Quba is highly recommended since Rasulullah used to visit it quite frequently to pray two Raka'ahs.

Masjid Al-Qiblatain

In this mosque, Allah directed Rasulallah, who was in the middle of a Solat along with his companions, to turn his face from Islam's first Qiblah (Baitul Maqdis) to Ka'bah in Al-Masjid Al-Haraam. That is why this mosque is known as a mosque with two Qiblahs.

Masjid Al-Jumu'ah

This mosque was built at a place where Rasulullah offered his first Jumu'ah prayer in Madinah.

Masjid Al-Ghamamah

This mosque is not far from Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi. Rasulullah s.a.w. used to offer his Eid prayers here. Once he led Solat Al-Istisqaa (prayer for rain) in it and suddenly the clouds appeared and it started raining, hence the name Ghamamah (clouds).

Badr

The plain of Badr is south west of Madinah where the first battle between 313 Muslims and 1000 Quraish of Makkah took place in 624 A.D. The Muslims had seventy camels and two horses whereas the Quraish had a cavalry of 200 Horses and 700 camels. They were superior in weapons too, but Muslims were victorious because they were strong in morale and strategy due to the leadership of Rasulillah and the Victory from Allah.

Jabal Uhud

About four miles on the north of Madinah, famous battle of Uhad was fought at 3 A.H. Sayyiduna Hamzah, Rasulullah's uncle, and other companions are buried here.

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Facts about ‘Umrah

• It's better to settle our debts, rather than going for ‘Umrah.
• We don't have to borrow money, to go for ‘Umrah.
• We can have our Ihraam while we don't have wudhu.
• We must have wudhu while making Tawaaf.
• If our wudhu breaks during Tawaaf, we stop, go and take wudhu, and come back to resume from the last completed round, and count on.
• Sa'y between Al-Safaa and Al-Marwah doesn't require wudhu.
• A woman who is in ‘Iddah, due to death of her husband or due to divorce, can't perform ‘Umrah until her ‘Iddah is over.
• No special du'a is prescribed during Tawaaf, except the one recommended between Al-Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad.
• It's better to point to the Hajar to make our Istilaam rather than to push and shove others in order to touch or kiss it, to make Istilaam.
• The seven rounds of Tawaaf starts from Al-Hajar and ends at Al-Hajar.
• The seven circuits of Sa'y (Safaa and Marwah) start at Al-Safaa and end at Al-Marwah.
• Women can put on perfume (before putting on their Ihraam), provided the smell is very gentle.
• The entire city of Makkah is Haram (sanctuary) but the Mosque is the real Haram.
• Rasulullah said, “(Performing) `Umrah during Ramadan is equal to (going for) Hajj.” Or said, “Equal to performing Hajj with me (Rasulullah).” but that does not replace the obligation of Hajj, which every able Muslim must do once in their lifetime.
• Despite the greater rewards of ‘Umrah it's still a self-centered ‘ibadah. Thus, it's better to give the money we spend on frequent ‘Umrah on charity which can save lives, rather than going for ‘Umrah on regular basis.
• However, If one really needs to travel (to take break), it's better to go for ‘Umrah than going for holidays.

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Conclusion

Alhamdulillah, we have successfully come to the end of our theoretical ‘Umrah to the House of Allah, as well as paying a visit to the City of Habibi Rasulillah s.a.w., Madinah.

If we are granted the opportunity to go for a real ‘Umrah (soon.. Ameen!), that will be the physical ‘Umrah, which will demonstrate what we have gone through here, theoretically.

But what can really make any of our ‘Umrah unique, will always be the intention and the objective we set behind the ‘Umrah, and the reality of that intention is only between each one of us and Allah, alone, accordingly. “Actions are [rewarded] according to their intentions”.

May Allah grant us the opportunity to visit His Sacred House, and the City of Habibi Rasulillah. Ameen

Allah knows best.
Allahu Hafiz 🙂

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